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The Medici lions are a pair of marble sculptures of lions, one of which is of ancient origin, the other a 16th-century pendant; both were by 1598〔 placed at the Villa Medici, Rome, and since 1789 have been displayed at the Loggia dei Lanzi, Florence. The sculptures depict standing male lions with a sphere or ball under one paw, looking to the side. The Medici lions have been copied, directly or with variations, in many other locations. ==History== A pair of lions were required by Ferdinando I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany, who had acquired the Villa Medici in 1576, to serve as majestic ornaments for the villa's garden staircase, the ''Loggia dei leoni''. The first lion originates from a 2nd-century〔 marble that was first mentioned in 1594, by the sculptor Flaminio Vacca,〔Vacca 1790〕 by which time it was already in the collection of Ferdinando;〔Haskell and Penny 1981:247–50.〕 Vacca reported that it had been found in the via Prenestina, outside Porta San Lorenzo. According to Vacca, the lion had been a relief, which was carved free of its background and reworked by "Giovanni Sciarano" or Giovanni di Scherano Fancelli, of whom little is now known.〔http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/fancelli-giovanni-detto-nanni-di-stocco_%28Dizionario_Biografico%29/〕 The second was made and signed〔Haskell and Penny 1981:247.〕 by Vacca, also in marble, as a pendant to the ancient sculpture at a date variously reported as between 1594 and 1598〔 or between 1570 and 1590.〔(tomassobrothers.co.uk )〕〔 The pair were in place at the Loggia dei Leoni in 1598〔Haskell and Penny 1981:246.〕 The pendant was made from a capital that had come from the Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus.〔Giovanna Giusti Galardi: (The Statues of the Loggia Della Signoria in Florence: Masterpieces Restored ), Florence 2002. ISBN 8809026209〕 The Villa Medici was inherited by the house of Lorraine in 1737, and in 1787〔(clevermag.com )〕〔〔(Augustin Pajou: royal sculptor, 1730-1809 )〕 the lions were moved to Florence, and since 1789〔(borghiditoscana.net )〕 they flank the steps to the Loggia dei Lanzi at the Piazza della Signoria. The sculptures were replaced by copies at the Villa Medici when Napoleon relocated the French Academy in Rome to the villa in 1803.〔(virtualtourist.com )〕 These copies were made by the French sculptor Augustin Pajou.〔 File:Medici lions 1691.jpg|The original Medici lions at the Villa Medici (Giovanni Francesco Venturini 1691) File:VillaMedicis-face depuis la cours.JPG|The current Medici Lions at the Villa Medici in Rome File:Medici Lion at the villa medicis.JPG|Medici Lion by Augustin Pajou at the Villa Medici File:Villa Medicis - coat of arms.jpg|The Medici coat of arms with five balls, above Loggia dei leoni 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Medici lions」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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